Vehicles moving on the Earth's surface are, in principle, exposed to the wind.
Some of these vehicles are exposed to more wind than others for various reasons—due to their shape or their route.
For example, a bus connecting two cities is usually more exposed to the wind than a bus traveling within an urban area.
Some electric-powered land vehicles—including buses, trains, trucks, and automobiles—travel along routes exposed to the wind.
On board these vehicles, patented wind generators generate kinetic energy.
The vehicle wind generator has a high sensitivity to wind collection, which means it can produce energy even in light winds and breezes.
The mobile wind generator is also equipped with a patented automatic protection, which protects it from rapid changes in wind direction and excessively strong gusts.
Sensitivity to light winds, combined with the aforementioned automatic system—which activates instantly to gradually protect the vehicle-integrated wind turbine from changes in vehicle and wind direction as well as violent gusts—enables the wind generator to produce energy across a wide range of wind speeds: not only in light winds, as mentioned, but also in strong winds and in conditions where the wind direction shifts rapidly relative to the vehicle.
Using an alternator, the mobile wind generator produces electrical energy, which can be immediately used to power the vehicle.
When the vehicle-mounted wind turbine produces more electrical energy than is required to move the vehicle, the excess energy is stored in the vehicle's electric storage battery.
The patented wind generators for land vehicles do not capture the apparent wind (which also depends on the movement of the vehicle), but exclusively the real wind.
Under the same weather conditions and with the same orientation with respect to the wind direction, the wind-powered vehicle captures the same amount of wind energy and transforms it into the same amount of electrical energy, both when it is moving and when it is stationary, even at night.
Wind turbines for road vehicles and trains are not traditional vehicle-mounted wind turbines, but rather wind generators formed, structured, and integrated into the vehicle structures.
Road vehicles and even rail vehicles are highly specialized, for example a bus is different from a tanker.
For this reason, wind generators, with different power, shapes and sizes, are integrated in different positions, in vehicles of different shapes, sizes and types.
Mobile wind turbines are obviously powered by the wind, but they do not have protruding elements or blades and, therefore, their operation does not pose any danger either on board or around the vehicle.
If the vehicle is hybrid, that is, equipped with an electric motor and also an internal combustion engine, then a strategic diversification of energy sources for traction is achieved.
When supplying fuel to the internal combustion engine becomes difficult, expensive, or impossible, the renewable energy produced by the wind generator and that stored in the battery ensure the vehicle's traction.
The strategic energy independence from conventional energy sources, that wind vehicles possess, is valuable for private and public, civilian and military vehicles, such as those used for rescue, surveillance, and other operations, allowing them to operate in critical scenarios and conditions where conventional energy supplies are interrupted.
With good ventilation, both an electric and a hybrid vehicle can be propelled almost exclusively by electrical energy produced by wind generators for vehicle traction.
The energy for electric traction, generated on board the wind vehicle, has almost zero production costs, involves minimal maintenance costs, and does not cause any environmental pollution.
The cost of a wind turbine to power a vehicle is considerably lower than the cost of an internal combustion engine to power an equivalent vehicle.
When the vehicle is stationary, especially at night, the mobile wind power generation system is not only able to produce energy that can be stored on board the vehicle, but is also able to supply electricity outside the vehicle to other users for domestic, civil, agricultural, and military purposes.